Unpacking the architecture of worldwide counter-terrorism | World News
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In excess of the earlier couple of yrs, India has stepped up coordination with Western associates this kind of as the United States and France for listing associates of terrorist teams at the United Nations Safety Council, as the evaluate has emerged as a crucial device to stress international locations to act in opposition to selected people. 
Most of these initiatives have been aimed at the listing of leading leaders of Pakistan-centered terror teams this kind of as Lashkar-e-Taiba (Enable) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), which have engaged in cross-border terrorism in opposition to India for a long time. The listing of an personal or team below the UN Safety Council’s different sanctions regimes helps make them issue to an asset freeze, journey ban and an arms embargo.
This sort of listings have seldom led to the seize or prosecution of selected people. For occasion, mob manager Dawood Ibrahim was selected as a worldwide terrorist below the UN Safety Council’s al-Qaeda sanctions routine in 2003, but Indian officers say he proceeds to are living in and run from Pakistan.
The listings, nevertheless, provide as crucial applications to stress UN member states, particularly when utilised in conjunction with other mechanisms this kind of as the Monetary Motion Activity Drive (FATF). This also has been portion of the total coordination on counter-terrorism in between India and its Western associates.
The listing of terrorists at the UN Safety Council was in the highlight all over again this 7 days simply because of China blocking a new shift by India and the US to designate Enable operative Sajid Mir, a crucial participant in the 2008 Mumbai terror assaults who directed the ten-member workforce liable for the carnage in the country’s economic hub.
China experienced at first put a “technical hold” on the listing of Mir previous 12 months, a shift reminiscent of the way in which Beijing experienced held up the designation of JeM founder Masood Azhar for nearly a ten years, prior to relenting in 2019.
India has also utilised its domestic regulation, the Illegal Routines Avoidance Act (UAPA), to designate fifty four people and forty four terror teams. Persons common with the subject stated designations below the UAPA aid buttress a demand from customers for comparable listings below the domestic rules of spouse international locations and at the UN Safety Council.
The most up-to-date additions to the checklist of terror teams incorporate The Resistance Entrance (TRF), a proxy for Enable that was developed in 2019 and has been blamed for assaults in Jammu and Kashmir, and People's Anti-Fascist Entrance (PAFF), a proxy for JeM that also was developed in 2019 and has been accused of radicalising kids.
The checklist of terror teams also contains Enable, JeM, Harkat-ul-Mujahideen, Hizb-Ul-Mujahideen, United Liberation Entrance of Assam (ULFA), Countrywide Democratic Entrance of Bodoland (NDFB), al-Qaeda in Indian Sub-Continent (AQIS), Islamic Condition (IS), Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh and Khalistan Tiger Drive (KTF).
Notable terrorist leaders outlined below UAPA incorporate Enable founder Hafiz Saeed, his son Talha Saeed, JeM main Masood Azhar, Enable functions main Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi, one particular of the masterminds of the Mumbai assaults, Dawood Ibrahim and his aide Shaikh Shakeel alias Chhota Shakeel, Sajid Mir, Babbar Khalsa Intercontinental chief Wadhawa Singh Babbar, and Sikhs For Justice chief Gurpatwant Singh Pannun.
The checklist of fifty four terrorist people selected below UAPA also contains various leading leaders of Enable, JeM and Indian Mujahideen.
“All of these actions aid set the squeeze on terrorist teams and people, creating journey by the outlined people and their obtain to money additional tough,” one particular of the men and women common with the subject stated.
The men and women also pointed to the sharp decrease in the general public appearances and actions of leaders of Enable and JeM immediately after Pakistan was put on the “grey list” of the FATF in 2018 for failing to do adequate to deal with terror funding and dollars laundering. Pakistan was eradicated from FATF’s checklist of international locations issue to improved checking of economic transactions in 2022, and associates of the intercontinental watchdog utilised the intervening interval to stress Islamabad to do additional to crack down on terror teams.
Even though Pakistan has under no circumstances acted in opposition to Enable founder Hafiz Saeed in link with the Mumbai assaults, citing a absence of proof, authorities had been pressured to prosecute him in various terror funding scenarios, ensuing in various jail sentences that he is reportedly serving. The stress from FATF also resulted in Enable and JeM pushing quite a few of their cadres into Afghanistan, the place they carry on to be centered.
India has utilised the scenario of Sajid Mir to after all over again emphasize its demand from customers for overhauling the UN Safety Council’s sanctions regimes, like strengthening operating strategies to make certain the designation of people and teams is carried out centered on real and proof-centered goal proposals and inquiring UN member states to give motives for blocking proposals – some thing that is not necessary below the current set up. The Indian aspect has also indicated that proposals to block designations must not be submitted below the garb of anonymity, a shift evidently aimed at China’s stymying of various moves to designate Pakistan-centered terrorists.
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